Women have room for empowerment in hypermasculine spaces that heavily contribute to gender inequality. As time passed, addressing women's empowerment shifted towards empowering femininity present across all genders. Translated into our urban spaces, the New Bilibid Prison Reservation (NBPR) in Muntinlupa City suppresses femininity because of its prison function. As the prison facilities together with the inmates are envisioned to be relocated away from NBPR, the land is subject to redevelopment. Hence, this study was conducted to reimagine the landscape of New Bilibid Prison. The goal of the study is to propose landscape development plans that highlight the feminine culture in direct relation to the current context of the New Bilibid Prison Reservation. Integrating gender and development approaches to landscape planning, qualitative methods of survey, interviews, and future scenario landscape workshops were used to gather women’s narratives, activities, and gender meanings as a way of characterizing their femininity. Key findings include: (1) Care culture is central to women, nurturing relationships progressively, (2) healthcare is highly linked with care culture, and (3) care culture is confined to be private. Three planning schemes were developed based on the data gathered which include tourism, economic, and civic development. The assessment showed that civic development within the site will best include feminine narratives A model site was chosen to illustrate the applications of the principles and planning proposals. By closely examining women’s
femininity, the narrative of the New Bilibid Prison shifted to include care culture.

Housing stress is a major concern for Filipino office workers. The standardized ratio of setting aside '30% of income to rent' cannot be applied to the average Filipino, who can give up at most only 15% of their income to afford other necessities. This limits the housing options of entry-level office workers -- fresh graduates with average salaries who often turn to uncomfortable bed spaces to live closer to work and avoid long commutes. To offset the increasingly unaffordable real estate in Bonifacio Global City, the Philippines' second-largest central business district, co-living apartments have become popular in its vicinity. However, the standard of these co-living spaces is incomparable to that of the global co-living standard, as privacy is the first to be sacrificed in favor of accessibility and attainability. This project aims to bridge the gap between the standard of co-living in the Philippines and that of the global standard by providing better living conditions for tenants through architecture at a portion of the cost via funding from private companies whose workers will benefit from the project. This was achieved through online research on current co-living apartments, as well as interviews of young adults who have lived in Philippines co-living apartments. This project is in Brgy. Pembo, Makati where land is less expensive yet still accessible to Bonifacio Global City via a short commute. Given the size of the lot, the project was expanded vertically to maximize space and differentiate the public and private access areas. The ground floor was dedicated to commercial spaces, the second floor was assigned to the co-living spaces, and the third to seventh floors were reserved for the residents' quarters. The residential floors were divided into quarters to provide sufficient privacy for each tenant without compromising ventilation. To accommodate forty-eight tenants to a floor, rooms were grouped into six to a unit with a communal kitchen, two toilets, and two baths.

A way to address risk in depletion of natural resources for building construction the use of sustainable materials. To strengthen the material and lessen waste, wood can be manufactured into glue-laminated timber.
This study aims to investigate glue lamination of Benguet Pine (Pinus Kesiya Royle Ex Gordon), which is a Philippine wood species endemic in mountainous regions, for its structural strength and mechanical properties. Samples used were with lamina size of 25mm x 100mm (length is dependent on the test to be done) and built-up to sections using at least four laminas.
The glue laminated samples’ results were compared with the mechanical properties of solid Benguet pine of which the former shows a significant difference in their mechanical properties. Test results showed that Benguet Pine can be identified as an E150-F435 grade of the Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS) for Glue Laminated Timber but and cannot be identified with the GL grades of the British Standard (EN) and Glue Laminated Timber of Australia Association (GLTAA) due to the required strength in the MOE of compression parallel. The result were theoretically applied to a simply supported and fully lateral-supported floor joist to show the possibility of its structural use

This study explores how urban design interventions influence active mobility within the urban core of Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, through the integration of Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) and Geographic Information System (GIS). The research defines the relationship between the built environment, socio-economic characteristics and individual travel behavior to define patterns of walking and cycling in selected urban node, specifically along Burgos Avenue and Del Pilar Street. Using ABM simulations and survey data, the study identifies urban nodes, connections, and potential routes for enhancing active transportation. Results reveal that urban form land-use diversity, socio-economic characteristic and street connectivity significantly affect active mobility choices. Lower-middle-income groups are more likely to engage in walking. The findings indicate that urban design interventions, particularly tactical urbanism, are more effective in encouraging walking than the provision of pedestrian infrastructure alone. Moreover, the presence of such interventions leads to a significant shift from motorized transport to walking, while the transition from motorized modes to cycling shows only minimal change. Simulation outcomes indicate that a 10-30% modal shift from motorized trips to walking or cycling could substantially reduce congestion and vehicle emissions. The findings affirm that compact, mixed-use neighborhoods and accessible street networks foster conditions favorable for walkability. Moreover, ABM proved effective in visualizing spatial mobility dynamics and identifying areas suitable for pedestrian infrastructure development. The study concludes that active mobility is not merely a behavioral choice but a product of the built environment's capacity to support human-centered, sustainable urban living. By combining empirical observation and computational modeling, this research provides a framework for data-driven urban design that can guide policymakers, planners, and local governments toward a more connected, sustainable urban environment.

Street crossing in urban environments poses significant safety risks to pedestrian due to their direct interaction with vehicular traffic. Despite the presence of various safe crossing infrastructure, such as crosswalks and overpass bridges, their utilization and the factors influencing pedestrian decision-making remain largely undefined in the Philippine context. This study examines pedestrian decision-making in urban street crossing along East Avenue, Quezon City , by analyzing crosswalk and overpass bridge utilization and identifying factors influencing infrastructure choice. Mixed method was employed, combining on-site observation through video recording, pedestrian volume counts, and surveys. Pedestrian decision-making influencing factors, including gap and yielding acceptance, as well as pedestrian needs influencing factors related to travel characteristics and environmental attributes, were examined. Findings show that overpass bridges are significantly more utilized than crosswalks. Pedestrians noted that at-grade crossings are more convenient due to time efficiency, reduced physical effort, and shorted travel distance, while overpass bridges are safer and much preferred but are often avoided because of steep stairs, limited accessibility, additional travel time, and discomfort. The study concludes that pedestrian infrastructure choice is primarily driven by convenience, accessibility, and perceived efficiency, highlighting the need for pedestrian-centered planning approaches to improve safety and mobility.